Biomol-Informatics SL Protein structure

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible inflammatory enzyme, which produces prostanoids from arachidonic acid. COX-2 overexpression and over-activity may cause irritation, tumorigenesis, and angiogenesis. Prostanoids are the primary motive for the irritation, and enhance of mitogenesis by COX-2.

So, any change corresponding to mutations that may result in COX-2 over-activity may ignite the tumor conditions with enhance of prostanoids manufacturing is considered one of its methods. The goal of this research was to test the impact of 166 missense mutations of COX-2 on protein options that may have an effect on the COX-2 exercise corresponding to protein stability, fluctuation, 2D construction, and its binding affinity with the substrate by in silico strategies, community modeling, and docking calculations, by which 44 of them proven to be deleterious.

Amongst them, the S124I and S474F mutations can enhance the soundness of the protein. 11.36% of deleterious nsSNPs have been a part of the substrate-binding area amongst which the M508T, H337R, and V511G have the potential to have an effect on the protein by 2D construction alteration.

V511G can enhance binding affinity and H337R confirmed a small lower within the deformation total vitality that may symbolize a lower within the stability of COX-2. Additionally, L517S confirmed a major lower within the binding energy of COX-2/substrate however primarily based on the anisotropic community modeling this mutation has a twin impact on COX-2 stability. These nsSNPs/mutations have the potential inflicting a rise or lower of tumorigenesis as a result of rising of COX-2 stability and its binding affinity can result in altering its exercise.

We describe a common methodology that permits construction willpower of small proteins by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The tactic relies on the supply of a target-binding nanobody, which is then rigidly connected to 2 scaffolds: 1) a Fab fragment of an antibody directed in opposition to the nanobody and a pair of) a nanobody-binding protein A fraction fused to maltose binding protein and Fab-binding domains.

The general ensemble of ∼120 kDa, referred to as Legobody, doesn’t perturb the nanobody-target interplay, is well recognizable in EM pictures because of its distinctive form, and facilitates particle alignment in cryo-EM picture processing.

The utility of the tactic is demonstrated for the KDEL receptor, a 23-kDa membrane protein, leading to a map at 3.2-Å total decision with density enough for de novo mannequin constructing, and for the 22-kDa receptor-binding area (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, leading to a map at 3.6-Å decision that permits evaluation of the binding interface to the nanobody. The Legobody strategy thus overcomes the present dimension limitations of cryo-EM evaluation.

The human innate host protection molecules, SP-A1 and SP-A2 variants, differentially have an effect on survival after an infection in mice and in lung transplant sufferers. SP-A interacts with the sentinel innate immune cell within the alveolus, the alveolar macrophage (AM), and modulates its perform and regulation.

SP-A additionally performs a task in pulmonary surfactant-related points, together with surfactant construction and reorganization. For many (if not all) pulmonary illnesses there’s a dysregulation of host protection and inflammatory processes and/or surfactant dysfunction or deficiency. As a result of SP-A performs a task in each of those common processes the place one or each might turn out to be aberrant in pulmonary illness, SP-A stands to be an essential molecule in well being and illness.

In people (in contrast to in rodents) SP-A is encoded by two genes (SFTPA1 and SFTPA2) and every has been recognized with in depth genetic and epigenetic complexity. On this assessment, we deal with practical, structural, and regulatory variations between the 2 SP-A gene-specific merchandise, SP-A1 and SP-A2, and amongst their corresponding variants.

We focus on the differential impression of those variants on the surfactant construction, the alveolar microenvironment, the regulation of epithelial kind II miRNome, the regulation and performance of the AM, the general survival of the organism after an infection, and others. Though there have been numerous critiques on SP-A, that is the primary assessment that gives such a complete account of the variations between human SP-A1 and SP-A2.

Acyltransferases are answerable for the choice and loading of acyl items onto service proteins in polyketide and fatty-acid biosynthesis. Regardless of the significance of protein-protein interactions between the acyltransferase and the service protein, structural info on acyltransferase-carrier protein interactions is proscribed due to the transient interactions between them.

Within the biosynthesis of the polyketide vicenistatin, the acyltransferase VinK acknowledges the service protein VinL for the switch of a dipeptidyl unit. The crystal construction of a VinK-VinL covalent complicated fashioned with a 1,2-bismaleimidoethane cross-linking reagent has been decided beforehand.

Right here, the crystal construction of a VinK-VinL covalent complicated fashioned with a pantetheine cross-linking probe is reported at 1.95 Å decision. Within the construction of the VinK-VinL-probe complicated, the pantetheine probe that’s connected to VinL is covalently linked to the aspect chain of the mutated Cys106 of VinK.

SARS-CoV Spike Antibody
3225-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 436.42
Description: SARS-CoV Spike antibody: A novel coronavirus has recently been identified as the causative agent of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). Coronaviruses are a major cause of upper respiratory diseases in humans. The genomes of these viruses are positive-stranded RNA approximately 27-31kb in length. SARS infection can be mediated by the binding of the viral spike protein, a glycosylated 139 kDa protein and the major surface antigen of the virus, to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on target cells. This binding can be blocked by a soluble form of ACE2.

SARS-CoV spike protein Antibody
abx023139-100ug	Abbexa	100 ug	EUR 857

SARS-CoV spike protein Antibody
abx023143-100ug	Abbexa	100 ug	EUR 857

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Peptide
9083P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: (NT) SARS-CoV-2 Spike peptide

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Peptide
9087P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: (CT) SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD peptide

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Peptide
9091P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: (IN) SARS-CoV-2 Spike peptide

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Peptide
9095P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: (IN) SARS-CoV-2 Spike peptide

Sars-Cov, Spike (Middle) Recom Protein
abx060656-1mg	Abbexa	1 mg	EUR 1692

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 Peptide
9119P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: (IN) SARS-CoV-2 Spike peptide

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 Peptide
9123P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: (CT) SARS-CoV-2 Spike peptide

Sars-Cov, Spike (N-Term) Recom Protein
abx060657-1mg	Abbexa	1 mg	EUR 1873

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Antibody
A3000-50	Biovision	50 µg	EUR 419

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV S2)
P1519-10	Biovision	10µg	EUR 156

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV S2)
P1519-50	Biovision	50µg	EUR 551

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody
3525-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 171.82
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody
3525-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 436.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

Recombinant SARS-CoV Spike protein [GST] (37 kDa)
VAng-Wyb8620-inquire	Creative Biolabs	inquire	Ask for price
Description: SARS-CoV C-terminal of the Spike protein (37 kDa), recombinant protein from E. coli, 1 mg/mL.

Recombinant SARS-CoV Spike protein [GST] (38 kDa)
VAng-Wyb8621-inquire	Creative Biolabs	inquire	Ask for price
Description: SARS-CoV middle region of the Spike protein (38 kDa), recombinant protein from E. coli, 1 mg/mL.

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV-2; ECD)
P1533-10	Biovision	10 µg	EUR 196

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV-2; ECD)
P1533-50	Biovision	50 µg	EUR 591

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (biotin)
3525-biotin-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (biotin)
3525-biotin-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (HRP)
3525-HRP-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (HRP)
3525-HRP-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 Spike P26S Peptide (Gamma Variant)
9573P	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 196.25
Description: SARS-CoV-2 Spike P26S Peptide (Gamma Variant)

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Antibody
9083-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Antibody
9083-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Antibody
9087-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Antibody
9087-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody
9091-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody
9091-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody
9119-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody
9119-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody
9123-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody
9123-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 Spike P26S Antibody (Gamma Variant)
9573-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: In January of 2021 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as P.1 and named as Gamma variant, was discovered in Japan and later spread in Brazil. It is considered as VOC (variant of concern). This variant carries 10 mutations in spike protein, including N501Y, E484K and K417T in RBD, which can increase the affinity to the human ACE2 receptor. Enhanced transmission of the Gamma variant (P.1 lineage) was observed globally, which is 3.5 times more contagious as the original one. The Gamma variant affects the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine and is resistant to neutralization to some extent due to the immune escape E484K mutation.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike P26S Antibody (Gamma Variant)
9573-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: In January of 2021 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as P.1 and named as Gamma variant, was discovered in Japan and later spread in Brazil. It is considered as VOC (variant of concern). This variant carries 10 mutations in spike protein, including N501Y, E484K and K417T in RBD, which can increase the affinity to the human ACE2 receptor. Enhanced transmission of the Gamma variant (P.1 lineage) was observed globally, which is 3.5 times more contagious as the original one. The Gamma variant affects the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine and is resistant to neutralization to some extent due to the immune escape E484K mutation.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Matched Pair
MPS-0001	ProSci	1 Set	EUR 857.75
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Matched Pair
MPS-0002	ProSci	1 Set	EUR 857.75
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Matched Pair
MPS-0003	ProSci	1 Set	EUR 857.75
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Matched Pair
MPS-0004	ProSci	1 Set	EUR 857.75
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Matched Pair
MPS-0005	ProSci	1 Set	EUR 857.75
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) Spike Recombinant Protein
10-411	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 595.25
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Recombinant Protein
11-073	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 579.5
Description: May down-regulate host tetherin (BST2) by lysosomal degradation, thereby counteracting its antiviral activity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Recombinant Protein
20-233	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 605.75
Description: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Recombinant Protein

SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD protein antibody pair 1
CSB-EAP33245	Cusabio	1 pair	EUR 750
Description: This is a set of capture antibody and HRP-conjugated antbody for quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD protein for through solid phase sandwich ELISA.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Antibody (Clone# 4C6)
A3001-50	Biovision	50 µg	EUR 419

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV S1; His tag)
P1516-10	Biovision	10µg	EUR 257

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV S, His tag)
P1520-10	Biovision	10µg	EUR 257

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV-2; His tag)
P1528-10	Biovision	10 µg	EUR 196

Recombinant Coronavirus Spike Protein (SARS-CoV-2; His tag)
P1528-50	Biovision	50 µg	EUR 591

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 (His-tag)
P1540-10	Biovision	10 µg	EUR 176

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 (His-tag)
P1540-50	Biovision	50 µg	EUR 682

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 (Fc tag)
P1541-10	Biovision	10 µg	EUR 176

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 (Fc tag)
P1541-50	Biovision	50 µg	EUR 682

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Antibody (biotin)
9083-biotin-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Antibody (biotin)
9083-biotin-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Antibody (biotin)
9087-biotin-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Antibody (biotin)
9087-biotin-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody (biotin)
9091-biotin-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody (biotin)
9091-biotin-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (cleavage site)
9095-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (cleavage site)
9095-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody (biotin)
9123-biotin-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody (biotin)
9123-biotin-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 Spike P681H Antibody (Alpha, Mu Variant)
9359-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage was found to have developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions prior to its discovery. The transmission of UK variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) was increased at least 50%. Increased severity and higher death rate were also found in UK variant. UK variant will not affect the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike P681H Antibody (Alpha, Mu Variant)
9359-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage was found to have developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions prior to its discovery. The transmission of UK variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) was increased at least 50%. Increased severity and higher death rate were also found in UK variant. UK variant will not affect the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 156-157EF Antibody
9685-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: SARS-CoV-2 delta variant, a variant of concern (VOC), known as B.1.617.2, was detected in India in October of 2020. However, it rapidly spread all over of the world and now it is the dominant variant in the world, which account for more than 99% of the cases. This variant carries at least 13 mutations in spike protein across the sub lineages, including L452R, D614G, P681R and K417N, which can increase the affinity to the human ACE2 receptor. Enhanced transmission of the Delta variant was observed globally, which is at least 2.5 times more contagious as the other variants. The Delta variant affects the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine and is resistant to neutralization to some extent.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 156-157EF Antibody
9685-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: SARS-CoV-2 delta variant, a variant of concern (VOC), known as B.1.617.2, was detected in India in October of 2020. However, it rapidly spread all over of the world and now it is the dominant variant in the world, which account for more than 99% of the cases. This variant carries at least 13 mutations in spike protein across the sub lineages, including L452R, D614G, P681R and K417N, which can increase the affinity to the human ACE2 receptor. Enhanced transmission of the Delta variant was observed globally, which is at least 2.5 times more contagious as the other variants. The Delta variant affects the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine and is resistant to neutralization to some extent.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody [8G10A1]
PM-9365-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7 and named as Alpha variant, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions. These changes caused an increase in transmission of Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) by at least 50%, leading to increased disease severity and higher death rates. The effectiveness of COVID19 vaccines are not affected by the Alpha variant. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H mutation in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin proteolytic cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody [8G10A1]
PM-9365-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7 and named as Alpha variant, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions. These changes caused an increase in transmission of Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) by at least 50%, leading to increased disease severity and higher death rates. The effectiveness of COVID19 vaccines are not affected by the Alpha variant. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H mutation in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin proteolytic cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody [8G10B1]
PM-9366-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7 and named as Alpha variant, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions. These changes caused an increase in transmission of Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) by at least 50%, leading to increased disease severity and higher death rates. The effectiveness of COVID19 vaccines are not affected by the Alpha variant. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H mutation in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin proteolytic cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody [8G10B1]
PM-9366-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7 and named as Alpha variant, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions. These changes caused an increase in transmission of Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) by at least 50%, leading to increased disease severity and higher death rates. The effectiveness of COVID19 vaccines are not affected by the Alpha variant. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H mutation in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin proteolytic cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody [8G10C8]
PM-9367-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7 and named as Alpha variant, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions. These changes caused an increase in transmission of Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) by at least 50%, leading to increased disease severity and higher death rates. The effectiveness of COVID19 vaccines are not affected by the Alpha variant. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H mutation in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin proteolytic cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody [8G10C8]
PM-9367-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: In September of 2020 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as B.1.1.7 and named as Alpha variant, was discovered in the United Kingdom. This lineage developed 14 lineage-specific amino acid replacements and 3 deletions. These changes caused an increase in transmission of Alpha variant (B.1.1.7 lineage) by at least 50%, leading to increased disease severity and higher death rates. The effectiveness of COVID19 vaccines are not affected by the Alpha variant. One of the mutations associated with this lineage is a N501Y in the spike protein of the virus. It is believed that this mutation is able to increase the spike protein's affinity for the host ACE2 receptor and it has been associated with increased infectivity and virulence. B.1.1.7 viruses have also been shown to have a P681H mutation in the cleavage site of spike protein. This location is one of the residues that make up the furin proteolytic cleavage site between S1 and S2 in spike protein.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [4F10]
PM-9428-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [4F10]
PM-9428-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [5E6]
PM-9429-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [5E6]
PM-9429-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 26P Antibody [1C3H9]
PM-9583-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 191.42
Description: In January of 2021 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as P.1 and named Gamma variant, was discovered in Japan and later spread in Brazil. It is considered a VOC (variant of concern). This variant carries 10 mutations in spike protein, including N501Y, E484K and K417T in RBD, which can increase the affinity to the human ACE2 receptor. Enhanced transmission of the Gamma variant (P.1 lineage) was observed globally, which is 3.5 times more contagious as the original one. The Gamma variant affects the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine and is resistant to neutralization to some extent due to the immune escape E484K mutation.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 26P Antibody [1C3H9]
PM-9583-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 495.22
Description: In January of 2021 a new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, known as P.1 and named Gamma variant, was discovered in Japan and later spread in Brazil. It is considered a VOC (variant of concern). This variant carries 10 mutations in spike protein, including N501Y, E484K and K417T in RBD, which can increase the affinity to the human ACE2 receptor. Enhanced transmission of the Gamma variant (P.1 lineage) was observed globally, which is 3.5 times more contagious as the original one. The Gamma variant affects the effectiveness of COVID19 vaccine and is resistant to neutralization to some extent due to the immune escape E484K mutation.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1A6]
SD9785-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 211.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1A6]
SD9785-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 603.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1B8]
SD9787-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 211.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1B8]
SD9787-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 603.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1G5]
SD9789-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 211.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1G5]
SD9789-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 603.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1A9]
SD9791-002mg	ProSci	0.02 mg	EUR 211.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody [P1A9]
SD9791-01mg	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 603.02
Description: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike-RBD Recombinant Protein
10-008	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 595.25
Description: SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) also known as 2019-nCoV (2019 Novel Coronavirus) is a virus that causes illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe diseases. SARS CoV-2 spike protein is composed of S1 domain and S2 domain. S1 contains a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that can specifically bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor on the target cells. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (RBD) has the potential value for the diagnosis of the virus.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike-RBD Recombinant Protein
10-015	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 595.25
Description: SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) also known as 2019-nCoV (2019 Novel Coronavirus) is a virus that causes illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe diseases. SARS CoV-2 spike protein is composed of S1 domain and S2 domain. S1 contains a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that can specifically bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor on the target cells. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (RBD) has the potential value for the diagnosis of the virus.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Recombinant Protein
10-100	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 542.75
Description: The spike protein (S) of coronavirus (CoV) attaches the virus to its cellular receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A defined receptor-binding domain (RBD) on S mediates this interaction. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses as well as protective immunity.

The interplay interface between VinK and VinL is actually the identical within the two VinK-VinL complicated buildings, though the place of the pantetheine linker barely differs. This structural statement means that interface interactions usually are not affected by the cross-linking technique used.